XANTHOMA TENDINEUM
XANTHOMA TENDINEUM ICD-10: E75.510
• These subcutaneous tumors are yellow or skin colored and move with the extensor tendons (Fig. 15-10). Often seen in Achilles tendon or tendons over knuckles.
• They are a symptom of FH that presents as type IIa hyperlipidemia. Can also be seen in cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis and sitosterolemia.
• This condition is autosomal recessive with a different phenotype in the heterozygote and homozygote.
• In the homozygote, the xanthomata appear in early childhood and the cardiovascular complications in early adolescence; the elevation of the LDL content of the plasma is extreme. These patients rarely attain ages above 20 years.
• Management: A diet low in cholesterol and saturated fats, supplemented by cholestyramine or statins.
• Synonym: Tendinous xanthoma.
FIGURE 15-10 • Tendinous xanthoma Large subcutaneous tumor adherent to the Achilles tendon.